Sunday, July 27, 2008

RECOGNITION

WHAT IS RECOGNITION?
It is an act by which a state acknowledges the existence of another state, a government or a belligerent community and indicates its willingness to deal with the entity as such under the rules of international law.


WHAT IS THE TOBAR OR WILSON DOCTRINE?
It is a doctrine precludes the recognition of a government established by revolution, civil war, coup d’etat or other forms of internal violence until the freely elected representatives of the people have organized a constitutional government.
The doctrine was first expressed in a treaty concluded in 1907 by the Central American republics at the suggestion of Foreign Minister Tobar of Ecuador and was reiterated by President Woodrow Wilson of the United States in a public statement made in 1913.

WHAT IS THE STIMSON DOCTRINE?
This doctrine precludes the recognition of any government established as a result of external aggression.
Formulated by U.S. Secretary of State Stimson in 1932, it was subsequently adopted by the League of Nations in a resolution declaring that it was “incumbent upon the Members of the League of Nations not to recognize any situation, treaty or agreement which may be brought about by means contrary to the Covenant of the League of Nations or to the Pact of Paris.”

WHAT IS ESTRADA DOCTRINE?
Under this doctrine, which is attributed to Foreign Minister Genaro Estrada of Mexico, the diplomat representatives in a country where a political upheaval has taken place will deal or will not deal with whatever government is in control therein at the time and either action shall not be taken as a judgment on the legitimacy of the said government.

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